ICU 74.1 74.1
Data Structures | Public Member Functions | Static Public Member Functions | Protected Member Functions | Friends
icu::Locale Class Reference

A Locale object represents a specific geographical, political, or cultural region. More...

#include <locid.h>

Inheritance diagram for icu::Locale:
icu::UObject icu::UMemory

Data Structures

class  ConvertingIterator
 A generic Locale iterator implementation over Locale input iterators. More...
 
class  Iterator
 A Locale iterator interface similar to a Java Iterator<Locale>. More...
 
class  RangeIterator
 A generic Locale iterator implementation over Locale input iterators. More...
 

Public Member Functions

 Locale ()
 Construct a default locale object, a Locale for the default locale ID. More...
 
 Locale (const char *language, const char *country=0, const char *variant=0, const char *keywordsAndValues=0)
 Construct a locale from language, country, variant. More...
 
 Locale (const Locale &other)
 Initializes a Locale object from another Locale object. More...
 
 Locale (Locale &&other) noexcept
 Move constructor; might leave source in bogus state. More...
 
virtual ~Locale ()
 Destructor. More...
 
Localeoperator= (const Locale &other)
 Replaces the entire contents of *this with the specified value. More...
 
Localeoperator= (Locale &&other) noexcept
 Move assignment operator; might leave source in bogus state. More...
 
bool operator== (const Locale &other) const
 Checks if two locale keys are the same. More...
 
bool operator!= (const Locale &other) const
 Checks if two locale keys are not the same. More...
 
Localeclone () const
 Clone this object. More...
 
void toLanguageTag (ByteSink &sink, UErrorCode &status) const
 Returns a well-formed language tag for this Locale. More...
 
template<typename StringClass >
StringClass toLanguageTag (UErrorCode &status) const
 Returns a well-formed language tag for this Locale. More...
 
const char * getLanguage () const
 Returns the locale's ISO-639 language code. More...
 
const char * getScript () const
 Returns the locale's ISO-15924 abbreviation script code. More...
 
const char * getCountry () const
 Returns the locale's ISO-3166 country code. More...
 
const char * getVariant () const
 Returns the locale's variant code. More...
 
const char * getName () const
 Returns the programmatic name of the entire locale, with the language, country and variant separated by underbars. More...
 
const char * getBaseName () const
 Returns the programmatic name of the entire locale as getName() would return, but without keywords. More...
 
void addLikelySubtags (UErrorCode &status)
 Add the likely subtags for this Locale, per the algorithm described in the following CLDR technical report: More...
 
void minimizeSubtags (UErrorCode &status)
 Minimize the subtags for this Locale, per the algorithm described in the following CLDR technical report: More...
 
void canonicalize (UErrorCode &status)
 Canonicalize the locale ID of this object according to CLDR. More...
 
StringEnumerationcreateKeywords (UErrorCode &status) const
 Gets the list of keywords for the specified locale. More...
 
StringEnumerationcreateUnicodeKeywords (UErrorCode &status) const
 Gets the list of Unicode keywords for the specified locale. More...
 
template<typename StringClass , typename OutputIterator >
void getKeywords (OutputIterator iterator, UErrorCode &status) const
 Gets the set of keywords for this Locale. More...
 
template<typename StringClass , typename OutputIterator >
void getUnicodeKeywords (OutputIterator iterator, UErrorCode &status) const
 Gets the set of Unicode keywords for this Locale. More...
 
int32_t getKeywordValue (const char *keywordName, char *buffer, int32_t bufferCapacity, UErrorCode &status) const
 Gets the value for a keyword. More...
 
void getKeywordValue (StringPiece keywordName, ByteSink &sink, UErrorCode &status) const
 Gets the value for a keyword. More...
 
template<typename StringClass >
StringClass getKeywordValue (StringPiece keywordName, UErrorCode &status) const
 Gets the value for a keyword. More...
 
void getUnicodeKeywordValue (StringPiece keywordName, ByteSink &sink, UErrorCode &status) const
 Gets the Unicode value for a Unicode keyword. More...
 
template<typename StringClass >
StringClass getUnicodeKeywordValue (StringPiece keywordName, UErrorCode &status) const
 Gets the Unicode value for a Unicode keyword. More...
 
void setKeywordValue (const char *keywordName, const char *keywordValue, UErrorCode &status)
 Sets or removes the value for a keyword. More...
 
void setKeywordValue (StringPiece keywordName, StringPiece keywordValue, UErrorCode &status)
 Sets or removes the value for a keyword. More...
 
void setUnicodeKeywordValue (StringPiece keywordName, StringPiece keywordValue, UErrorCode &status)
 Sets or removes the Unicode value for a Unicode keyword. More...
 
const char * getISO3Language () const
 returns the locale's three-letter language code, as specified in ISO draft standard ISO-639-2. More...
 
const char * getISO3Country () const
 Fills in "name" with the locale's three-letter ISO-3166 country code. More...
 
uint32_t getLCID (void) const
 Returns the Windows LCID value corresponding to this locale. More...
 
UBool isRightToLeft () const
 Returns whether this locale's script is written right-to-left. More...
 
UnicodeStringgetDisplayLanguage (UnicodeString &dispLang) const
 Fills in "dispLang" with the name of this locale's language in a format suitable for user display in the default locale. More...
 
UnicodeStringgetDisplayLanguage (const Locale &displayLocale, UnicodeString &dispLang) const
 Fills in "dispLang" with the name of this locale's language in a format suitable for user display in the locale specified by "displayLocale". More...
 
UnicodeStringgetDisplayScript (UnicodeString &dispScript) const
 Fills in "dispScript" with the name of this locale's script in a format suitable for user display in the default locale. More...
 
UnicodeStringgetDisplayScript (const Locale &displayLocale, UnicodeString &dispScript) const
 Fills in "dispScript" with the name of this locale's country in a format suitable for user display in the locale specified by "displayLocale". More...
 
UnicodeStringgetDisplayCountry (UnicodeString &dispCountry) const
 Fills in "dispCountry" with the name of this locale's country in a format suitable for user display in the default locale. More...
 
UnicodeStringgetDisplayCountry (const Locale &displayLocale, UnicodeString &dispCountry) const
 Fills in "dispCountry" with the name of this locale's country in a format suitable for user display in the locale specified by "displayLocale". More...
 
UnicodeStringgetDisplayVariant (UnicodeString &dispVar) const
 Fills in "dispVar" with the name of this locale's variant code in a format suitable for user display in the default locale. More...
 
UnicodeStringgetDisplayVariant (const Locale &displayLocale, UnicodeString &dispVar) const
 Fills in "dispVar" with the name of this locale's variant code in a format suitable for user display in the locale specified by "displayLocale". More...
 
UnicodeStringgetDisplayName (UnicodeString &name) const
 Fills in "name" with the name of this locale in a format suitable for user display in the default locale. More...
 
UnicodeStringgetDisplayName (const Locale &displayLocale, UnicodeString &name) const
 Fills in "name" with the name of this locale in a format suitable for user display in the locale specified by "displayLocale". More...
 
int32_t hashCode (void) const
 Generates a hash code for the locale. More...
 
void setToBogus ()
 Sets the locale to bogus A bogus locale represents a non-existing locale associated with services that can be instantiated from non-locale data in addition to locale (for example, collation can be instantiated from a locale and from a rule set). More...
 
UBool isBogus (void) const
 Gets the bogus state. More...
 
virtual UClassID getDynamicClassID () const override
 ICU "poor man's RTTI", returns a UClassID for the actual class. More...
 
- Public Member Functions inherited from icu::UObject
virtual ~UObject ()
 Destructor. More...
 
virtual UClassID getDynamicClassID () const
 ICU4C "poor man's RTTI", returns a UClassID for the actual ICU class. More...
 

Static Public Member Functions

static const LocalegetRoot (void)
 Useful constant for the Root locale. More...
 
static const LocalegetEnglish (void)
 Useful constant for this language. More...
 
static const LocalegetFrench (void)
 Useful constant for this language. More...
 
static const LocalegetGerman (void)
 Useful constant for this language. More...
 
static const LocalegetItalian (void)
 Useful constant for this language. More...
 
static const LocalegetJapanese (void)
 Useful constant for this language. More...
 
static const LocalegetKorean (void)
 Useful constant for this language. More...
 
static const LocalegetChinese (void)
 Useful constant for this language. More...
 
static const LocalegetSimplifiedChinese (void)
 Useful constant for this language. More...
 
static const LocalegetTraditionalChinese (void)
 Useful constant for this language. More...
 
static const LocalegetFrance (void)
 Useful constant for this country/region. More...
 
static const LocalegetGermany (void)
 Useful constant for this country/region. More...
 
static const LocalegetItaly (void)
 Useful constant for this country/region. More...
 
static const LocalegetJapan (void)
 Useful constant for this country/region. More...
 
static const LocalegetKorea (void)
 Useful constant for this country/region. More...
 
static const LocalegetChina (void)
 Useful constant for this country/region. More...
 
static const LocalegetPRC (void)
 Useful constant for this country/region. More...
 
static const LocalegetTaiwan (void)
 Useful constant for this country/region. More...
 
static const LocalegetUK (void)
 Useful constant for this country/region. More...
 
static const LocalegetUS (void)
 Useful constant for this country/region. More...
 
static const LocalegetCanada (void)
 Useful constant for this country/region. More...
 
static const LocalegetCanadaFrench (void)
 Useful constant for this country/region. More...
 
static const LocalegetDefault (void)
 Common methods of getting the current default Locale. More...
 
static void setDefault (const Locale &newLocale, UErrorCode &success)
 Sets the default. More...
 
static Locale forLanguageTag (StringPiece tag, UErrorCode &status)
 Returns a Locale for the specified BCP47 language tag string. More...
 
static Locale createFromName (const char *name)
 Creates a locale which has had minimal canonicalization as per uloc_getName(). More...
 
static Locale createCanonical (const char *name)
 Creates a locale from the given string after canonicalizing the string according to CLDR by calling uloc_canonicalize(). More...
 
static const LocalegetAvailableLocales (int32_t &count)
 Returns a list of all installed locales. More...
 
static const char *const * getISOCountries ()
 Gets a list of all available 2-letter country codes defined in ISO 3166. More...
 
static const char *const * getISOLanguages ()
 Returns a list of all unique language codes defined in ISO 639. More...
 
static UClassID getStaticClassID ()
 ICU "poor man's RTTI", returns a UClassID for this class. More...
 

Protected Member Functions

void setFromPOSIXID (const char *posixID)
 Set this from a single POSIX style locale string. More...
 
void minimizeSubtags (bool favorScript, UErrorCode &status)
 Minimize the subtags for this Locale, per the algorithm described. More...
 

Friends

Localelocale_set_default_internal (const char *, UErrorCode &status)
 A friend to allow the default locale to be set by either the C or C++ API. More...
 
void locale_available_init ()
 

Detailed Description

A Locale object represents a specific geographical, political, or cultural region.

An operation that requires a Locale to perform its task is called locale-sensitive and uses the Locale to tailor information for the user. For example, displaying a number is a locale-sensitive operation–the number should be formatted according to the customs/conventions of the user's native country, region, or culture.

The Locale class is not suitable for subclassing.

You can create a Locale object using the constructor in this class:

      Locale( const   char*  language,
              const   char*  country,
              const   char*  variant);

The first argument to the constructors is a valid ISO Language Code. These codes are the lower-case two-letter codes as defined by ISO-639. You can find a full list of these codes at:
http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/

The second argument to the constructors is a valid ISO Country Code. These codes are the upper-case two-letter codes as defined by ISO-3166. You can find a full list of these codes at a number of sites, such as:
http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html

The third constructor requires a third argument–the Variant. The Variant codes are vendor and browser-specific. For example, use REVISED for a language's revised script orthography, and POSIX for POSIX. Where there are two variants, separate them with an underscore, and put the most important one first. For example, a Traditional Spanish collation might be referenced, with "ES", "ES", "Traditional_POSIX".

Because a Locale object is just an identifier for a region, no validity check is performed when you construct a Locale. If you want to see whether particular resources are available for the Locale you construct, you must query those resources. For example, ask the NumberFormat for the locales it supports using its getAvailableLocales method.
Note: When you ask for a resource for a particular locale, you get back the best available match, not necessarily precisely what you asked for. For more information, look at ResourceBundle.

The Locale class provides a number of convenient constants that you can use to create Locale objects for commonly used locales. For example, the following refers to a Locale object for the United States:

      Locale::getUS()

Once you've created a Locale you can query it for information about itself. Use getCountry to get the ISO Country Code and getLanguage to get the ISO Language Code. You can use getDisplayCountry to get the name of the country suitable for displaying to the user. Similarly, you can use getDisplayLanguage to get the name of the language suitable for displaying to the user. Interestingly, the getDisplayXXX methods are themselves locale-sensitive and have two versions: one that uses the default locale and one that takes a locale as an argument and displays the name or country in a language appropriate to that locale.

ICU provides a number of classes that perform locale-sensitive operations. For example, the NumberFormat class formats numbers, currency, or percentages in a locale-sensitive manner. Classes such as NumberFormat have a number of convenience methods for creating a default object of that type. For example, the NumberFormat class provides these three convenience methods for creating a default NumberFormat object:

    UErrorCode success = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    Locale myLocale;
    NumberFormat *nf;

    nf = NumberFormat::createInstance( success );          delete nf;
    nf = NumberFormat::createCurrencyInstance( success );  delete nf;
    nf = NumberFormat::createPercentInstance( success );   delete nf;

Each of these methods has two variants; one with an explicit locale and one without; the latter using the default locale.

    nf = NumberFormat::createInstance( myLocale, success );          delete nf;
    nf = NumberFormat::createCurrencyInstance( myLocale, success );  delete nf;
    nf = NumberFormat::createPercentInstance( myLocale, success );   delete nf;

A Locale is the mechanism for identifying the kind of object (NumberFormat) that you would like to get. The locale is just a mechanism for identifying objects, not a container for the objects themselves.

Each class that performs locale-sensitive operations allows you to get all the available objects of that type. You can sift through these objects by language, country, or variant, and use the display names to present a menu to the user. For example, you can create a menu of all the collation objects suitable for a given language. Such classes implement these three class methods:

      static Locale* getAvailableLocales(int32_t& numLocales)
      static UnicodeString& getDisplayName(const Locale&  objectLocale,
                                           const Locale&  displayLocale,
                                           UnicodeString& displayName)
      static UnicodeString& getDisplayName(const Locale&  objectLocale,
                                           UnicodeString& displayName)

Stable:
ICU 2.0
See also
ResourceBundle

Definition at line 195 of file locid.h.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ Locale() [1/4]

icu::Locale::Locale ( )

Construct a default locale object, a Locale for the default locale ID.

See also
getDefault
uloc_getDefault
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ Locale() [2/4]

icu::Locale::Locale ( const char *  language,
const char *  country = 0,
const char *  variant = 0,
const char *  keywordsAndValues = 0 
)

Construct a locale from language, country, variant.

If an error occurs, then the constructed object will be "bogus" (isBogus() will return true).

Parameters
languageLowercase two-letter or three-letter ISO-639 code. This parameter can instead be an ICU style C locale (e.g. "en_US"), but the other parameters must not be used. This parameter can be nullptr; if so, the locale is initialized to match the current default locale. (This is the same as using the default constructor.) Please note: The Java Locale class does NOT accept the form 'new Locale("en_US")' but only 'new Locale("en","US")'
countryUppercase two-letter ISO-3166 code. (optional)
variantUppercase vendor and browser specific code. See class description. (optional)
keywordsAndValuesA string consisting of keyword/values pairs, such as "collation=phonebook;currency=euro"
See also
getDefault
uloc_getDefault
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ Locale() [3/4]

icu::Locale::Locale ( const Locale other)

Initializes a Locale object from another Locale object.

Parameters
otherThe Locale object being copied in.
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ Locale() [4/4]

icu::Locale::Locale ( Locale &&  other)
noexcept

Move constructor; might leave source in bogus state.

This locale will have the same contents that the source locale had.

Parameters
otherThe Locale object being moved in.
Stable:
ICU 63

◆ ~Locale()

virtual icu::Locale::~Locale ( )
virtual

Destructor.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

Member Function Documentation

◆ addLikelySubtags()

void icu::Locale::addLikelySubtags ( UErrorCode status)

Add the likely subtags for this Locale, per the algorithm described in the following CLDR technical report:

http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/#Likely_Subtags

If this Locale is already in the maximal form, or not valid, or there is no data available for maximization, the Locale will be unchanged.

For example, "und-Zzzz" cannot be maximized, since there is no reasonable maximization.

Examples:

"en" maximizes to "en_Latn_US"

"de" maximizes to "de_Latn_US"

"sr" maximizes to "sr_Cyrl_RS"

"sh" maximizes to "sr_Latn_RS" (Note this will not reverse.)

"zh_Hani" maximizes to "zh_Hans_CN" (Note this will not reverse.)

Parameters
statuserror information if maximizing this Locale failed. If this Locale is not well-formed, the error code is U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR.
Stable:
ICU 63

◆ canonicalize()

void icu::Locale::canonicalize ( UErrorCode status)

Canonicalize the locale ID of this object according to CLDR.

Parameters
statusthe status code
Stable:
ICU 67
See also
createCanonical

◆ clone()

Locale * icu::Locale::clone ( ) const

Clone this object.

Clones can be used concurrently in multiple threads. If an error occurs, then nullptr is returned. The caller must delete the clone.

Returns
a clone of this object
See also
getDynamicClassID
Stable:
ICU 2.8

◆ createCanonical()

static Locale icu::Locale::createCanonical ( const char *  name)
static

Creates a locale from the given string after canonicalizing the string according to CLDR by calling uloc_canonicalize().

Parameters
namethe locale ID to create from. Must not be nullptr.
Returns
a new locale object corresponding to the given name
Stable:
ICU 3.0
See also
uloc_canonicalize

◆ createFromName()

static Locale icu::Locale::createFromName ( const char *  name)
static

Creates a locale which has had minimal canonicalization as per uloc_getName().

Parameters
nameThe name to create from. If name is null, the default Locale is used.
Returns
new locale object
Stable:
ICU 2.0
See also
uloc_getName

◆ createKeywords()

StringEnumeration * icu::Locale::createKeywords ( UErrorCode status) const

Gets the list of keywords for the specified locale.

Parameters
statusthe status code
Returns
pointer to StringEnumeration class, or nullptr if there are no keywords. Client must dispose of it by calling delete.
See also
getKeywords
Stable:
ICU 2.8

◆ createUnicodeKeywords()

StringEnumeration * icu::Locale::createUnicodeKeywords ( UErrorCode status) const

Gets the list of Unicode keywords for the specified locale.

Parameters
statusthe status code
Returns
pointer to StringEnumeration class, or nullptr if there are no keywords. Client must dispose of it by calling delete.
See also
getUnicodeKeywords
Stable:
ICU 63

◆ forLanguageTag()

static Locale icu::Locale::forLanguageTag ( StringPiece  tag,
UErrorCode status 
)
static

Returns a Locale for the specified BCP47 language tag string.

If the specified language tag contains any ill-formed subtags, the first such subtag and all following subtags are ignored.

This implements the 'Language-Tag' production of BCP 47, and so supports legacy language tags (marked as “Type: grandfathered” in BCP 47) (regular and irregular) as well as private use language tags.

Private use tags are represented as 'x-whatever', and legacy tags are converted to their canonical replacements where they exist.

Note that a few legacy tags have no modern replacement; these will be converted using the fallback described in the first paragraph, so some information might be lost.

Parameters
tagthe input BCP47 language tag.
statuserror information if creating the Locale failed.
Returns
the Locale for the specified BCP47 language tag.
Stable:
ICU 63

◆ getAvailableLocales()

static const Locale * icu::Locale::getAvailableLocales ( int32_t &  count)
static

Returns a list of all installed locales.

Parameters
countReceives the number of locales in the list.
Returns
A pointer to an array of Locale objects. This array is the list of all locales with installed resource files. The called does NOT get ownership of this list, and must NOT delete it.
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getBaseName()

const char * icu::Locale::getBaseName ( ) const

Returns the programmatic name of the entire locale as getName() would return, but without keywords.

Returns
A pointer to "name".
See also
getName
Stable:
ICU 2.8

◆ getCanada()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getCanada ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this country/region.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getCanadaFrench()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getCanadaFrench ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this country/region.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getChina()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getChina ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this country/region.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getChinese()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getChinese ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this language.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getCountry()

const char * icu::Locale::getCountry ( ) const
inline

Returns the locale's ISO-3166 country code.

Returns
An alias to the code
Stable:
ICU 2.0

Definition at line 1194 of file locid.h.

◆ getDefault()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getDefault ( void  )
static

Common methods of getting the current default Locale.

Used for the presentation: menus, dialogs, etc. Generally set once when your applet or application is initialized, then never reset. (If you do reset the default locale, you probably want to reload your GUI, so that the change is reflected in your interface.)

More advanced programs will allow users to use different locales for different fields, e.g. in a spreadsheet.

Note that the initial setting will match the host system.

Returns
a reference to the Locale object for the default locale ID
System:

Do not use unless you know what you are doing.
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getDisplayCountry() [1/2]

UnicodeString & icu::Locale::getDisplayCountry ( const Locale displayLocale,
UnicodeString dispCountry 
) const

Fills in "dispCountry" with the name of this locale's country in a format suitable for user display in the locale specified by "displayLocale".

For example, if the locale's country code is "US" and displayLocale's language code is "fr", this function would set dispCountry to "&Eacute;tats-Unis".

Parameters
displayLocaleSpecifies the locale to be used to display the name. In other words, if the locale's country code is "US", passing Locale::getFrench() for displayLocale would result in "&Eacute;tats-Unis", while passing Locale::getGerman() for displayLocale would result in "Vereinigte Staaten".
dispCountryReceives the country's display name.
Returns
A reference to "dispCountry".
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getDisplayCountry() [2/2]

UnicodeString & icu::Locale::getDisplayCountry ( UnicodeString dispCountry) const

Fills in "dispCountry" with the name of this locale's country in a format suitable for user display in the default locale.

For example, if the locale's country code is "FR" and the default locale's language code is "en", this function would set dispCountry to "France".

Parameters
dispCountryReceives the country's display name.
Returns
A reference to "dispCountry".
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getDisplayLanguage() [1/2]

UnicodeString & icu::Locale::getDisplayLanguage ( const Locale displayLocale,
UnicodeString dispLang 
) const

Fills in "dispLang" with the name of this locale's language in a format suitable for user display in the locale specified by "displayLocale".

For example, if the locale's language code is "en" and displayLocale's language code is "fr", this function would set dispLang to "Anglais".

Parameters
displayLocaleSpecifies the locale to be used to display the name. In other words, if the locale's language code is "en", passing Locale::getFrench() for displayLocale would result in "Anglais", while passing Locale::getGerman() for displayLocale would result in "Englisch".
dispLangReceives the language's display name.
Returns
A reference to "dispLang".
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getDisplayLanguage() [2/2]

UnicodeString & icu::Locale::getDisplayLanguage ( UnicodeString dispLang) const

Fills in "dispLang" with the name of this locale's language in a format suitable for user display in the default locale.

For example, if the locale's language code is "fr" and the default locale's language code is "en", this function would set dispLang to "French".

Parameters
dispLangReceives the language's display name.
Returns
A reference to "dispLang".
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getDisplayName() [1/2]

UnicodeString & icu::Locale::getDisplayName ( const Locale displayLocale,
UnicodeString name 
) const

Fills in "name" with the name of this locale in a format suitable for user display in the locale specified by "displayLocale".

This function uses getDisplayLanguage(), getDisplayCountry(), and getDisplayVariant() to do its work, and outputs the display name in the format "language (country[,variant])". For example, if displayLocale is fr_FR, then en_US's display name would be "Anglais (&Eacute;tats-Unis)", and no_NO_NY's display name would be "norv&eacute;gien (Norv&egrave;ge,NY)".

Parameters
displayLocaleSpecifies the locale to be used to display the name.
nameReceives the locale's display name.
Returns
A reference to "name".
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getDisplayName() [2/2]

UnicodeString & icu::Locale::getDisplayName ( UnicodeString name) const

Fills in "name" with the name of this locale in a format suitable for user display in the default locale.

This function uses getDisplayLanguage(), getDisplayCountry(), and getDisplayVariant() to do its work, and outputs the display name in the format "language (country[,variant])". For example, if the default locale is en_US, then fr_FR's display name would be "French (France)", and es_MX_Traditional's display name would be "Spanish (Mexico,Traditional)".

Parameters
nameReceives the locale's display name.
Returns
A reference to "name".
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getDisplayScript() [1/2]

UnicodeString & icu::Locale::getDisplayScript ( const Locale displayLocale,
UnicodeString dispScript 
) const

Fills in "dispScript" with the name of this locale's country in a format suitable for user display in the locale specified by "displayLocale".

For example, if the locale's script code is "LATN" and displayLocale's language code is "en", this function would set dispScript to "Latin".

Parameters
displayLocaleSpecifies the locale to be used to display the name. In other words, if the locale's script code is "LATN", passing Locale::getFrench() for displayLocale would result in "", while passing Locale::getGerman() for displayLocale would result in "".
dispScriptReceives the scripts's display name.
Returns
A reference to "dispScript".
Stable:
ICU 2.8

◆ getDisplayScript() [2/2]

UnicodeString & icu::Locale::getDisplayScript ( UnicodeString dispScript) const

Fills in "dispScript" with the name of this locale's script in a format suitable for user display in the default locale.

For example, if the locale's script code is "LATN" and the default locale's language code is "en", this function would set dispScript to "Latin".

Parameters
dispScriptReceives the scripts's display name.
Returns
A reference to "dispScript".
Stable:
ICU 2.8

◆ getDisplayVariant() [1/2]

UnicodeString & icu::Locale::getDisplayVariant ( const Locale displayLocale,
UnicodeString dispVar 
) const

Fills in "dispVar" with the name of this locale's variant code in a format suitable for user display in the locale specified by "displayLocale".

Parameters
displayLocaleSpecifies the locale to be used to display the name.
dispVarReceives the variant's display name.
Returns
A reference to "dispVar".
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getDisplayVariant() [2/2]

UnicodeString & icu::Locale::getDisplayVariant ( UnicodeString dispVar) const

Fills in "dispVar" with the name of this locale's variant code in a format suitable for user display in the default locale.

Parameters
dispVarReceives the variant's name.
Returns
A reference to "dispVar".
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getDynamicClassID()

virtual UClassID icu::Locale::getDynamicClassID ( ) const
overridevirtual

ICU "poor man's RTTI", returns a UClassID for the actual class.

Stable:
ICU 2.2

Reimplemented from icu::UObject.

◆ getEnglish()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getEnglish ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this language.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getFrance()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getFrance ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this country/region.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getFrench()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getFrench ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this language.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getGerman()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getGerman ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this language.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getGermany()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getGermany ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this country/region.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getISO3Country()

const char * icu::Locale::getISO3Country ( ) const

Fills in "name" with the locale's three-letter ISO-3166 country code.

Returns
An alias to the code, or an empty string
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getISO3Language()

const char * icu::Locale::getISO3Language ( ) const

returns the locale's three-letter language code, as specified in ISO draft standard ISO-639-2.

Returns
An alias to the code, or an empty string
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getISOCountries()

static const char *const * icu::Locale::getISOCountries ( )
static

Gets a list of all available 2-letter country codes defined in ISO 3166.

This is a pointer to an array of pointers to arrays of char. All of these pointers are owned by ICU– do not delete them, and do not write through them. The array is terminated with a null pointer.

Returns
a list of all available country codes
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getISOLanguages()

static const char *const * icu::Locale::getISOLanguages ( )
static

Returns a list of all unique language codes defined in ISO 639.

They can be 2 or 3 letter codes, as defined by BCP 47, section 2.2.1. This is a pointer to an array of pointers to arrays of char. All of these pointers are owned by ICU– do not delete them, and do not write through them. The array is terminated with a null pointer.

Returns
a list of all available language codes
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getItalian()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getItalian ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this language.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getItaly()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getItaly ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this country/region.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getJapan()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getJapan ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this country/region.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getJapanese()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getJapanese ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this language.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getKeywords()

template<typename StringClass , typename OutputIterator >
void icu::Locale::getKeywords ( OutputIterator  iterator,
UErrorCode status 
) const
inline

Gets the set of keywords for this Locale.

A wrapper to call createKeywords() and write the resulting keywords as standard strings (or compatible objects) into any kind of container that can be written to by an STL style output iterator.

Parameters
iteratoran STL style output iterator to write the keywords to.
statuserror information if creating set of keywords failed.
Stable:
ICU 63

Definition at line 1224 of file locid.h.

References icu::LocalPointerBase< T >::isNull(), and U_FAILURE.

◆ getKeywordValue() [1/3]

int32_t icu::Locale::getKeywordValue ( const char *  keywordName,
char *  buffer,
int32_t  bufferCapacity,
UErrorCode status 
) const

Gets the value for a keyword.

This uses legacy keyword=value pairs, like "collation=phonebook".

ICU4C doesn't do automatic conversion between legacy and Unicode keywords and values in getters and setters (as opposed to ICU4J).

Parameters
keywordNamename of the keyword for which we want the value. Case insensitive.
bufferThe buffer to receive the keyword value.
bufferCapacityThe capacity of receiving buffer
statusReturns any error information while performing this operation.
Returns
the length of the keyword value
Stable:
ICU 2.8

◆ getKeywordValue() [2/3]

void icu::Locale::getKeywordValue ( StringPiece  keywordName,
ByteSink sink,
UErrorCode status 
) const

Gets the value for a keyword.

This uses legacy keyword=value pairs, like "collation=phonebook".

ICU4C doesn't do automatic conversion between legacy and Unicode keywords and values in getters and setters (as opposed to ICU4J).

Parameters
keywordNamename of the keyword for which we want the value.
sinkthe sink to receive the keyword value.
statuserror information if getting the value failed.
Stable:
ICU 63

◆ getKeywordValue() [3/3]

template<typename StringClass >
StringClass icu::Locale::getKeywordValue ( StringPiece  keywordName,
UErrorCode status 
) const
inline

Gets the value for a keyword.

This uses legacy keyword=value pairs, like "collation=phonebook".

ICU4C doesn't do automatic conversion between legacy and Unicode keywords and values in getters and setters (as opposed to ICU4J).

Parameters
keywordNamename of the keyword for which we want the value.
statuserror information if getting the value failed.
Returns
the keyword value.
Stable:
ICU 63

Definition at line 1258 of file locid.h.

◆ getKorea()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getKorea ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this country/region.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getKorean()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getKorean ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this language.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getLanguage()

const char * icu::Locale::getLanguage ( ) const
inline

Returns the locale's ISO-639 language code.

Returns
An alias to the code
Stable:
ICU 2.0

Definition at line 1200 of file locid.h.

◆ getLCID()

uint32_t icu::Locale::getLCID ( void  ) const

Returns the Windows LCID value corresponding to this locale.

This value is stored in the resource data for the locale as a one-to-four-digit hexadecimal number. If the resource is missing, in the wrong format, or there is no Windows LCID value that corresponds to this locale, returns 0.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getName()

const char * icu::Locale::getName ( ) const
inline

Returns the programmatic name of the entire locale, with the language, country and variant separated by underbars.

If a field is missing, up to two leading underbars will occur. Example: "en", "de_DE", "en_US_WIN", "de__POSIX", "fr__MAC", "__MAC", "_MT", "_FR_EURO"

Returns
A pointer to "name".
Stable:
ICU 2.0

Definition at line 1218 of file locid.h.

◆ getPRC()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getPRC ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this country/region.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getRoot()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getRoot ( void  )
static

Useful constant for the Root locale.

Stable:
ICU 4.4

◆ getScript()

const char * icu::Locale::getScript ( ) const
inline

Returns the locale's ISO-15924 abbreviation script code.

Returns
An alias to the code
See also
uscript_getShortName
uscript_getCode
Stable:
ICU 2.8

Definition at line 1206 of file locid.h.

◆ getSimplifiedChinese()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getSimplifiedChinese ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this language.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getStaticClassID()

static UClassID icu::Locale::getStaticClassID ( )
static

ICU "poor man's RTTI", returns a UClassID for this class.

Stable:
ICU 2.2

◆ getTaiwan()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getTaiwan ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this country/region.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getTraditionalChinese()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getTraditionalChinese ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this language.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getUK()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getUK ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this country/region.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getUnicodeKeywords()

template<typename StringClass , typename OutputIterator >
void icu::Locale::getUnicodeKeywords ( OutputIterator  iterator,
UErrorCode status 
) const
inline

Gets the set of Unicode keywords for this Locale.

A wrapper to call createUnicodeKeywords() and write the resulting keywords as standard strings (or compatible objects) into any kind of container that can be written to by an STL style output iterator.

Parameters
iteratoran STL style output iterator to write the keywords to.
statuserror information if creating set of keywords failed.
Stable:
ICU 63

Definition at line 1241 of file locid.h.

References icu::LocalPointerBase< T >::isNull(), and U_FAILURE.

◆ getUnicodeKeywordValue() [1/2]

void icu::Locale::getUnicodeKeywordValue ( StringPiece  keywordName,
ByteSink sink,
UErrorCode status 
) const

Gets the Unicode value for a Unicode keyword.

This uses Unicode key-value pairs, like "co-phonebk".

ICU4C doesn't do automatic conversion between legacy and Unicode keywords and values in getters and setters (as opposed to ICU4J).

Parameters
keywordNamename of the keyword for which we want the value.
sinkthe sink to receive the keyword value.
statuserror information if getting the value failed.
Stable:
ICU 63

◆ getUnicodeKeywordValue() [2/2]

template<typename StringClass >
StringClass icu::Locale::getUnicodeKeywordValue ( StringPiece  keywordName,
UErrorCode status 
) const
inline

Gets the Unicode value for a Unicode keyword.

This uses Unicode key-value pairs, like "co-phonebk".

ICU4C doesn't do automatic conversion between legacy and Unicode keywords and values in getters and setters (as opposed to ICU4J).

Parameters
keywordNamename of the keyword for which we want the value.
statuserror information if getting the value failed.
Returns
the keyword value.
Stable:
ICU 63

Definition at line 1267 of file locid.h.

◆ getUS()

static const Locale & icu::Locale::getUS ( void  )
static

Useful constant for this country/region.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ getVariant()

const char * icu::Locale::getVariant ( ) const
inline

Returns the locale's variant code.

Returns
An alias to the code
Stable:
ICU 2.0

Definition at line 1212 of file locid.h.

◆ hashCode()

int32_t icu::Locale::hashCode ( void  ) const

Generates a hash code for the locale.

Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ isBogus()

UBool icu::Locale::isBogus ( void  ) const
inline

Gets the bogus state.

Locale object can be bogus if it doesn't exist

Returns
false if it is a real locale, true if it is a bogus locale
Stable:
ICU 2.1

Definition at line 1276 of file locid.h.

◆ isRightToLeft()

UBool icu::Locale::isRightToLeft ( ) const

Returns whether this locale's script is written right-to-left.

If there is no script subtag, then the likely script is used, see uloc_addLikelySubtags(). If no likely script is known, then false is returned.

A script is right-to-left according to the CLDR script metadata which corresponds to whether the script's letters have Bidi_Class=R or AL.

Returns true for "ar" and "en-Hebr", false for "zh" and "fa-Cyrl".

Returns
true if the locale's script is written right-to-left
Stable:
ICU 54

◆ minimizeSubtags() [1/2]

void icu::Locale::minimizeSubtags ( bool  favorScript,
UErrorCode status 
)
protected

Minimize the subtags for this Locale, per the algorithm described.

Parameters
favorScriptfavor to keep script if true, to keep region if false.
statuserror information if maximizing this Locale failed. If this Locale is not well-formed, the error code is U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR.
Internal:
Do not use. This API is for internal use only.

◆ minimizeSubtags() [2/2]

void icu::Locale::minimizeSubtags ( UErrorCode status)

Minimize the subtags for this Locale, per the algorithm described in the following CLDR technical report:

http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/#Likely_Subtags

If this Locale is already in the minimal form, or not valid, or there is no data available for minimization, the Locale will be unchanged.

Since the minimization algorithm relies on proper maximization, see the comments for addLikelySubtags for reasons why there might not be any data.

Examples:

"en_Latn_US" minimizes to "en"

"de_Latn_US" minimizes to "de"

"sr_Cyrl_RS" minimizes to "sr"

"zh_Hant_TW" minimizes to "zh_TW" (The region is preferred to the script, and minimizing to "zh" would imply "zh_Hans_CN".)

Parameters
statuserror information if maximizing this Locale failed. If this Locale is not well-formed, the error code is U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR.
Stable:
ICU 63

◆ operator!=()

bool icu::Locale::operator!= ( const Locale other) const
inline

Checks if two locale keys are not the same.

Parameters
otherThe locale key object to be compared with this.
Returns
true if the two locale keys are not the same, false otherwise.
Stable:
ICU 2.0

Definition at line 1179 of file locid.h.

References icu::operator==().

◆ operator=() [1/2]

Locale & icu::Locale::operator= ( const Locale other)

Replaces the entire contents of *this with the specified value.

Parameters
otherThe Locale object being copied in.
Returns
*this
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ operator=() [2/2]

Locale & icu::Locale::operator= ( Locale &&  other)
noexcept

Move assignment operator; might leave source in bogus state.

This locale will have the same contents that the source locale had. The behavior is undefined if *this and the source are the same object.

Parameters
otherThe Locale object being moved in.
Returns
*this
Stable:
ICU 63

◆ operator==()

bool icu::Locale::operator== ( const Locale other) const

Checks if two locale keys are the same.

Parameters
otherThe locale key object to be compared with this.
Returns
true if the two locale keys are the same, false otherwise.
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ setDefault()

static void icu::Locale::setDefault ( const Locale newLocale,
UErrorCode success 
)
static

Sets the default.

Normally set once at the beginning of a process, then never reset. setDefault() only changes ICU's default locale ID, not the default locale ID of the runtime environment.

Parameters
newLocaleLocale to set to. If nullptr, set to the value obtained from the runtime environment.
successThe error code.
System:

Do not use unless you know what you are doing.
Stable:
ICU 2.0

◆ setFromPOSIXID()

void icu::Locale::setFromPOSIXID ( const char *  posixID)
protected

Set this from a single POSIX style locale string.

Internal:
Do not use. This API is for internal use only.

◆ setKeywordValue() [1/2]

void icu::Locale::setKeywordValue ( const char *  keywordName,
const char *  keywordValue,
UErrorCode status 
)

Sets or removes the value for a keyword.

For removing all keywords, use getBaseName(), and construct a new Locale if it differs from getName().

This uses legacy keyword=value pairs, like "collation=phonebook".

ICU4C doesn't do automatic conversion between legacy and Unicode keywords and values in getters and setters (as opposed to ICU4J).

Parameters
keywordNamename of the keyword to be set. Case insensitive.
keywordValuevalue of the keyword to be set. If 0-length or nullptr, will result in the keyword being removed. No error is given if that keyword does not exist.
statusReturns any error information while performing this operation.
Stable:
ICU 49

◆ setKeywordValue() [2/2]

void icu::Locale::setKeywordValue ( StringPiece  keywordName,
StringPiece  keywordValue,
UErrorCode status 
)

Sets or removes the value for a keyword.

For removing all keywords, use getBaseName(), and construct a new Locale if it differs from getName().

This uses legacy keyword=value pairs, like "collation=phonebook".

ICU4C doesn't do automatic conversion between legacy and Unicode keywords and values in getters and setters (as opposed to ICU4J).

Parameters
keywordNamename of the keyword to be set.
keywordValuevalue of the keyword to be set. If 0-length or nullptr, will result in the keyword being removed. No error is given if that keyword does not exist.
statusReturns any error information while performing this operation.
Stable:
ICU 63

◆ setToBogus()

void icu::Locale::setToBogus ( )

Sets the locale to bogus A bogus locale represents a non-existing locale associated with services that can be instantiated from non-locale data in addition to locale (for example, collation can be instantiated from a locale and from a rule set).

Stable:
ICU 2.1

◆ setUnicodeKeywordValue()

void icu::Locale::setUnicodeKeywordValue ( StringPiece  keywordName,
StringPiece  keywordValue,
UErrorCode status 
)

Sets or removes the Unicode value for a Unicode keyword.

For removing all keywords, use getBaseName(), and construct a new Locale if it differs from getName().

This uses Unicode key-value pairs, like "co-phonebk".

ICU4C doesn't do automatic conversion between legacy and Unicode keywords and values in getters and setters (as opposed to ICU4J).

Parameters
keywordNamename of the keyword to be set.
keywordValuevalue of the keyword to be set. If 0-length or nullptr, will result in the keyword being removed. No error is given if that keyword does not exist.
statusReturns any error information while performing this operation.
Stable:
ICU 63

◆ toLanguageTag() [1/2]

void icu::Locale::toLanguageTag ( ByteSink sink,
UErrorCode status 
) const

Returns a well-formed language tag for this Locale.

Note: Any locale fields which do not satisfy the BCP47 syntax requirement will be silently omitted from the result.

If this function fails, partial output may have been written to the sink.

Parameters
sinkthe output sink receiving the BCP47 language tag for this Locale.
statuserror information if creating the language tag failed.
Stable:
ICU 63

◆ toLanguageTag() [2/2]

template<typename StringClass >
StringClass icu::Locale::toLanguageTag ( UErrorCode status) const
inline

Returns a well-formed language tag for this Locale.

Note: Any locale fields which do not satisfy the BCP47 syntax requirement will be silently omitted from the result.

Parameters
statuserror information if creating the language tag failed.
Returns
the BCP47 language tag for this Locale.
Stable:
ICU 63

Definition at line 1185 of file locid.h.

Friends And Related Function Documentation

◆ locale_available_init

void locale_available_init ( )
friend
Internal:
Do not use. This API is for internal use only. (private)
Internal:
Do not use. This API is for internal use only.

◆ locale_set_default_internal

Locale * locale_set_default_internal ( const char *  ,
UErrorCode status 
)
friend

A friend to allow the default locale to be set by either the C or C++ API.

Internal:
Do not use. This API is for internal use only. (private)

The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: